Wheat sowing is practically completed in the State. The predominance of dry weather and sunny days during the week allowed advances in planting, in addition to enabling recovery in crop development and cultural treatments. According to the Conjunctural Information, released by Emater/RS-Ascar this Thursday (23/07), in partnership with the State Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development (Seapdr), wheat crops are undergoing vegetative development in Emater/RS-Ascar regional offices in Pelotas, Frederico Westphalen, Passo Fundo, Erechim and Santa Rosa. In Pelotas, there are areas with delayed development due to excess humidity and cloudy days in the region. In general, the crops are well established, with a good plant stand. In the Santa Rosa region, the torrential rains of the previous weeks caused laminar erosion in the areas established at the end of June, mainly in those in the initial phase of development. Furthermore, the high humidity in the air and soil, together with the rise in temperature last weekend, created the conditions for the emergence of the first outbreaks of foliar diseases, such as powdery mildew and leaf spots, and also for the appearance of aphids. , requiring inspections to assess the need for control.
Still in the Emater/RS-Ascar de Santa Rosa region, canola continues to develop, with 39% of crops in vegetative development, 53% already in flowering and 8% in the grain filling phase. The culture presents a significant load of flowers in the bunches. The good appearance of the crops is due to the sowing carried out in the correct conditions and time, the adequate initial establishment, the plant stand and also the sanitary condition.
In the Ijuí region, white oat continues to develop satisfactorily, with well-developed plants and progressing to the reproductive stage. The long period with high humidity and intense rains did not cause significant damage to the crops, as the more advanced stage of the crop protected the soil from the effects of heavy rains, minimizing the impacts of erosion due to surface runoff. The presence of leaf spots is small, but requires monitoring due to rising temperatures and the presence of humidity.
Barley cultivation in the regions of Frederico Westphalen and Erechim is 100% of the area implemented in the vegetative development phase. At Frederico Westphalen, the crop looks good and has good phytosanitary status, and productivity has been estimated at 3.600 kilos per hectare. In Erechim, producers apply top dressing. The average price is R$60,00/sc. of 60 kilos.
Producers continue planning activities for the next harvest. In the administrative region of Emater/RS-Ascar de Santa Rosa, they forward funding projects through the 2020-2021 Harvest Plan and provide soil samples for laboratory analysis. For many, the financing funds have already been released and producers purchase seeds and fertilizers. The market maintains the tendency to increase the price of the product, influenced by the increase in international prices for the product, the dollar and export premiums. Farmers have been opting to sell part of their production in advance due to the good prices offered and to guarantee coverage of production costs. The average price charged in the region increased compared to last week, reaching R$ 106,00/sc. In Bagé, producers, financial agents and technicians have been holding virtual meetings about the Safra Plan. There is a lot of interest among soybean farmers in crop insurance, seeking to cover unfinanced areas. Some have already purchased inputs for the next crop. Prices paid vary between R$97,00 and R$109,50/sc. of 60 kilos.
Activity planning and the search for financing for the following harvest are intensifying. In the Emater/RS-Ascar de Santa Rosa region, crop funding projects for the next harvest have been sent to financial agents and the availability of credit is already being used to purchase inputs in local commerce. Soil preparation and desiccation of areas are also underway for crop implementation at the beginning of August. Producers place seed orders for the next harvest, including seed reserves from the exchange-exchange system. The municipal teams from Emater/RS-Ascar are registering producers and providing guidance on the Seapdr State Pro-Corn Program, aiming to distribute good quality varieties.
In the Emater/RS-Ascar region of Passo Fundo, potato crops are in the final harvest phase. Irrigated areas have good production and quality. Productivity is between 12 and 25 tons per hectare. Marketing remains slow, further reducing the price paid to the producer, which was R$60,00/sc. 50 kilos for white and pink potatoes.
In the Caxias do Sul region, the crop is in the off-season. Orchards are already without leaves, a condition from which the plant enters a period of vegetative dormancy, driven by winter weather conditions. Producers carry out the season's phytosanitary treatment, with lime sulfur or Bordeaux mixture, to eliminate fungal spores remaining from the production period and in order to maintain the plant with better sanitary conditions for the next harvest. As a main and routine practice, dry or winter pruning is gaining pace, seeking balance in the development of the vegetative canopy and fruit production potential. The planting of seedlings in new orchards is also planned. The fruit offered during this period comes exclusively from storage in cold rooms, and prices tend to increase during this period due to the lower supply.
In the Pelotas region, fruit destined for industry is grown on 4.962 hectares. Pruning activities continue, completed in 70% of the orchards, and the applications of flowering treatments. Peach in syrup agribusinesses make printed field notebooks available for rural producers to record the use of inputs and services. According to data from Embrapa Temperate Climate, up to the third week of July, 201 hours of cold temperatures less than or equal to 7°C have accumulated. The historical average for May, June and July is 323 hours.
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The correct use of integrated management and nutritional alternatives, such as application of silicon, helps to prevent and reduce damage from Phytophtora infestans
