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The development of agricultural technologies is essential for strengthening production chains. The genetic improvement program for yellow melon cultivars promotes a series of efforts aimed at the growth of this activity.
The study “In Vitro Establishment of Goldex Hybrid Yellow Melon Tree” addresses the application of biotechnological techniques in the yellow melon genetic improvement program. In this process, it is essential to develop protocols for plant regeneration through tissue culture, the first stage being the in vitro establishment, which consists of the cultivation of cells, tissues or plant organs. Semi-hermetic containers are used in this production model, with aseptic conditions and control of light, temperature, humidity and pH.
In research into the in vitro establishment of Goldex Hybrid Yellow Melon, the researchers sought to define the type of explant and the most appropriate disinfestation procedure. For in vitro multiplication, the study found that it is recommended to use explants obtained directly from the mother plant. Therefore, when using explants excised from plants maintained in the field or in a greenhouse, disinfestation, that is, the removal of contaminants existing on the surface of the explant itself, is an essential step in the micropropagation process.
The disinfestation process is the first step towards establishing an in vitro culture, involving the elimination of surface microorganisms from the explant, in order to avoid extremely harmful contamination during the introduction, incubation and handling of the material. The damage caused by microbial contamination is numerous due to the fact that these organisms compete with the explants for nutrients from the culture medium, in addition to releasing toxic metabolites that can cause the death of the explant.
The research concluded that the increased concentration of active chlorine in the disinfectant solution and the longer exposure time to 70% ethanol result in a lower percentage of contamination and a higher oxidation rate of apical bud and young leaf explants. The tendril explant - using the disinfestation procedure with immersion in 70% ethanol for 1 minute, with subsequent submersion in a solution of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) with 0,1% active chlorine for 7,5 minutes, followed by three rinses with distilled and autoclaved water - this is the most suitable for establishing the in vitro culture of the Goldex hybrid yellow melon tree. The percentage of contamination is inversely proportional to the percentage of oxidation.
Determining the methods that improve the use of tissue culture is of great importance, as they aim to reduce the rate of contamination, mitigate oxidation rates in the cultivation medium and plant tissues and, consequently, increase the success of the establishment. in vitro of melon explants.
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