Soybean harvest nears its end in Rio Grande do Sul

The soybean harvest in Rio Grande do Sul is about to end, and the proportion of harvested area is very close to 100%. According to the Economic Information prepared by Emater/RS-Ascar and released this Thursday (01/06), the period was favorable for the completion of the work, as there were higher temperatures and there was a predominance of rain. Only small areas remain to be harvested in the regions of Ijuí, Porto Alegre and Pelotas, sown after the period recommended in the agro-climatic zoning or cultivated in succession to corn, which do not present significant statistical significance. The soybean cultivated area in the State is 6.513.891 hectares and the estimated productivity is 1.923 kg/ha.

Still in soybeans, financial institutions began to provide financing for crops in the 2023/2024 harvest, through the release of pre-funding resources intended for the acquisition of fertilizers.

In corn, the harvest progressed at a slow pace and reached 93% of the cultivated area, which is 810.380 hectares. Currently 5% of corn areas are maturing and 2% are grain filling. The estimated productivity for RS is 4.440 kg/ha.

The rainfall that occurred was beneficial for the off-season corn crops, which are currently in the grain filling phase. Most of the crops planted in January and February present good development conditions, showing a healthy general appearance and adequate ear formation. However, the high number of leafhoppers present in many crops in the northwest of the state draws attention, which required new applications of insecticides, which raises the alarm for the next harvest, which could lead to the presence of leafhoppers in the first sowings. .

The demand for corn seeds made available through the Troca-Troca Program is significant, which, in this edition, offers hybrids suitable for cultivation in high-technology systems, presenting a highly competitive acquisition value.

Corn silage

The area established in the State is 357.476 hectares. Current productivity indicates production of 20.000 kg/ha. Crop cutting and silage activities continued. It is estimated that 96% of the crops intended for this purpose have been harvested. However, due to the continuous drop in cereal prices, there was an increase in the area dedicated to the production of preserved bulk food at the expense of grain production.

winter crops 

Wheat

The wheat cultivated area in the State in the 2022 harvest was 1.528.992 hectares (IBGE). Emater/RS-Ascar is finalizing the planting intention survey, the results of which will be released in the first half of June. Some factors influence the definition of the area to be planted, such as the predicted occurrence of the El Niño phenomenon, which tends to increase the volume of precipitation at the end of the crop cycle, and a negative variation in the price of the product, which impacts the producers' decision. However, a positive factor to be considered was the achievement of an extraordinary harvest in the previous year, in which excellent productivity and high quality of grains were achieved, which satisfied producers.

The first wheat sowings began on May 11, in fields located in the northwest of the state, but this is not considered a significant area. The sown area increased slightly from May 21st, the start date of the recommended period for the Western Border region. In this region, some producers are concentrating their planting on earlier varieties, in order not to delay subsequent soybean cultivation. However, most of the areas designated for wheat cultivation in the State are still undergoing pre-planting management through the use of desiccants and subsoiling in some areas. These practices aim to increase the soil's water absorption capacity, as greater rainfall is expected in the coming months.

White oats

Oat sowing is more advanced compared to wheat cultivation. Initially, the operation took place at a slow pace due to low soil moisture conditions. However, after the rains occurred, planting picked up speed. The crops emerged with good plant density and showed good development, with the emission of new leaves of ideal size. There was a slight reduction in the internodes, which does not compromise the crop, but benefits the reduction of the probability of lodging of the plants. Regarding phytosanitary aspects, there is a low incidence of pests and diseases.

Canola

In the administrative region of Emater/RS-Ascar de Ijuí, sowing of the crop was intensified during the week, as it is an ideal period for planting, due to the fact that the soil provides conditions for excellent sowing operations and due to the occurrence of rain in the last few months. periods. In the Santa Rosa region, which has the largest canola cultivation area in the State, there is a tendency for expansion in the cultivated area and planting reaches 53% of the projected area. Weather conditions have been adequate and favorable for germination and initial development.