RS 2024/25 Harvest: soybeans advance, but face phytosanitary challenges

The soybean harvest in Rio Grande do Sul has reached 94% of the area projected for planting, according to data from Emater/RS. Despite the progress, producers face challenges related to the climate and the incidence of pests, diseases and weeds. Some regions, such as the Western Frontier and Campanha, report localized humidity problems, while preventive measures for phytosanitary control are underway in several areas.

The estimated area of ​​cultivation in the state is 6,8 million hectares, with an average projected productivity of 3.179 kg/ha. Sowing is almost complete in several regions. However, climatic conditions such as water deficit and heavy rainfall have impacted planting, especially in smaller areas and in successions to corn and tobacco.

Climatic and phytosanitary conditions

In the Western Border, planting is 95% complete, but irregular rainfall has required replanting in some areas. There have been reports of plant toppling due to heat or soil fungi. Stink bugs have been identified, but without significant economic impact. Farmers are carrying out preventive control of caterpillars and weeds.

During the campaign, weather conditions benefited post-emergence management. Areas treated with herbicides have shown promise, despite difficulties with low-quality seeds in Hulha Negra.

In the Serra and North of the state, crop development is as expected. In Caxias do Sul, planting has been completed, and preventive spraying against diseases has begun. In Erechim and Ijuí, the crop continues to develop vegetatively, with low impact from pests such as caterpillars.

Pest and disease management

Asian rust is the main focus of attention in the state. Producers are applying preventive fungicides, especially in early crops. Management also includes treatments for leaf spots, powdery mildew and anthracnose. However, in some regions, such as Santa Rosa, low water availability at the beginning of the cycle has reduced plant size.

The control of thrips and bitter grass is also highlighted in areas where the drought has favored the increase of these populations.

In the Pelotas region, heavy rains caused stand failures, requiring replanting. Reports attribute the problems to the quality of the inputs used.