Physiological management increases bean productivity by 7,9 bags per hectare

With an estimated production of more than 3,14 million tons for the 2020 harvest, according to the National Supply Company (Conab), beans are an essential part of national agricultural production. Due to its cultivation characteristics, with a short cycle and increasingly precocious cultivars, the crop brings challenges such as high sensitivity to water and thermal stress, with direct impacts on productivity. In this context, physiological management can be essential for increasing natural resistance, increasing the photosynthetic rate with consequent better pod formation and grain filling.

This is what a study carried out in the state of São Paulo during the third harvest of 2019, in partnership between Alltech Crop Science and Aprimora Pesquisa, shows. During the experiment, bean cultivation received nutritional management with solutions based on amino acids and polysaccharides during the vegetative and reproductive phases. Among the results, greater leaf retention and grain filling were observed. Furthermore, productivity increased by 7,9 bags/hectare in relation to the untreated area, totaling 42,5 bags/hectare.

“The use of these solutions was responsible for a higher leaf area index, which contributes to greater efficiency in the interception and use of solar radiation, favoring the production of photoassimilates. The plant, in turn, transfers these compounds to fill the grains, ensuring better physiological development, a greater number of pods per square meter, and consequently, higher productivity”, explains agronomist Guilherme Bavia, technical manager specializing in grains at Alltech Crop Science.

In addition to the increase in photosynthesis, the research also showed an increase in resistance to stress arising from the environment, as the specialist highlights. “Amino acids are basic units of plant formation, helping both in the transport of nutrients and in repairing stress suffered. The crop will be exposed to climatic adversities from the moment it is planted, during germination, until maturation and harvest. Through this nutritional management, the plant synthesizes defense compounds and strengthens its natural barriers, at the same time that it is better nourished for its full development,” he says.

Also according to Bavia, more effective results from nutritional management on plant physiology can be achieved through periodic applications throughout the bean production cycle. “Plants, unlike animals, for example, do not have an immune system capable of creating permanent resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce this state of defense, so that the stimuli are renewed. Thus, it will continue to synthesize defense compounds and will be pre-conditioned for possible stresses during its phenological cycle”, he adds.

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For a bean crop that is more resistant to climatic adversities and with better grain filling and productivity results, the specialist recommends the use of Agro-Mos, developed by Alltech Crop Science. The compound, rich in amino acids, polysaccharides, as well as nutrients such as copper and zinc, is ideal for good vegetative formation, in addition to helping to repair stress.