The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (Mapa) updated the list of absent quarantine pests (PQA) for Brazil. 12 pests that were absent in the country were incorporated and are now regulated, as a result of the Pest Risk Analysis conducted by the Regional Phytosanitary Protection Organization (ORPF) Cosave (Southern Cone Plant Health Committee), which encompasses Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil , Chile, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.
The updated list is published on SDA/MAPA Normative Instruction No. 85.
The pests included are all of forestry interest to the region and Brazil, being six beetles, three moths, two wasps and one psyllid.
Publication of the list is one of Brazil's obligations as a member of the National Phytosanitary Protection Organization (ONPF), as established in the International Convention for the Protection of Plants. This convention provides that countries must publish lists of regulated pests so that other nations and trading partners can have more clarity regarding the actions that each one takes to prevent the introduction of pests, since phytosanitary measures must be taken for pests. that are regulated.
These are those that can have a major impact on national agriculture. The simple presence of living organisms (animals, plants or microorganisms) in a given location can compromise the commercialization of products, by damaging or destroying crops, plantations and harvests, and being a barrier to exports.
Absent quarantine pests have the potential to cause economic losses because they are not present in the national territory, considered exotic. The quarantine pests present exist in the country, but are not widely distributed and under official control.
Each pest presents different risks due to its characteristics (reproduction, survival, dispersal capacity, etc.) and, therefore, specific control actions are necessary.
The list of quarantine pests in Brazil is established by Mapa. Since 2007, a list of absent and present quarantine pests has been established.
See the new pests incorporated into the PQA list:
Aromia bungii: beetle associated with trees and wood. Attacks a variety of hosts, including Populus spp. (poplars) and Salix spp. (willows) and fruit trees of the kind Prunus (peach, apricot, plum). It is currently present in Asia and Europe.
Chrysobothris mali: is a beetle associated with several tree species (walnuts, poplars, oaks, willows, elms, apples). Important in nurseries and young plantations, as well as for timber. Present only in North America.
Paropsisterna bimaculata: eucalyptus pest. It can be introduced through seedlings, plants or parts of live plants. Present in Australia. Intercepted several times by the United Kingdom on a pteridophyte (dicksonia antarctica) imported from Australia, non-host plant, demonstrating the ability to disperse through trade in other non-host materials.
Paropsisterna m-fuscum: eucalyptus pest. Associated with seedlings, plants or living parts of plants, flower arrangements or as a contaminant in non-host products (“hitchhiker species”). Native to Australia and New Guinea and introduced to the USA.
Trachymela sloanei e Trachymela tincticollis: Both pests are associated with eucalyptus and native to Australia. T. sloanei has already been registered outside its region of origin: New Zealand, the United States and Spain. While T. tincticollis, was found in South Africa.
Dendrolimus spectabilis e Dendrolimus superans: pests of pine and other tree species (Abies, Cedrus, Larix). Present in Asia and Russia. The caterpillars are defoliators and have caused significant losses in pine plantations.
Dioryctria zimmermani: the main hosts are pine species. It is present in North America (USA and Canada). Associated with seedlings and Christmas trees.
Ophelimus eucalypti: pest of eucalyptus that induces leaf galls. Present in Australia and New Zealand, being one of the most important pests of Eucalyptus globulus in New Zealand. Intense attacks cause the loss of foliage on the terminal branches, which can kill the plants.
Selitrichodes globulus: pest of Eucalyptus globulus. Forms galls on new branches and shoots. Species recently described as invasive in California (USA), with likely origins in Australia.
Eucalyptolyma maideni: pest of species of the genus Corymbia. Of Australian origin, it was introduced in New Zealand and California (USA). Severe infestations cause defoliation in host plants.
The updated list of PQA can be consulted here.
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