Average temperature reaches record in Brazil for the fifth month in a row

In recent months, the National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet) carried out a specific meteorological analysis for Brazil, using average air temperature data from the Institute's meteorological stations spread throughout the national territory.

According to the survey, temperatures were above the historical average in the months of July to November, as shown in the table below:

Among the five hottest consecutive months this year, September presented the largest deviation (difference between the recorded value and the historical average) since 1961, with 1,6°C, followed by the month of November, with 1,5°C above the climatology of 1991/2020 (historical average). 

The main reason for this increase in temperature was the heat wave observed in November, which was similar to that which occurred in September, but the latter was more comprehensive and persisted for twelve consecutive days of above-average temperatures. More details HERE.

In 2023, the extreme heat observed in a large part of the country was a reflection of the impacts of the El Niño phenomenon (above average warming of the waters of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean), which tends to favor an increase in temperature in several regions of the planet. 

In addition to the rise in ocean temperatures, other factors have contributed to the occurrence of increasingly extreme events, such as the increase in the global temperature of the Earth's surface due to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions.

According to the provisional version of the Global State of the Climate 2023, published at the end of November by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), until October this year, the average global surface temperature was 1,4°C above the 1850 average/ 1900. With this value, the year 2023 is considered the hottest in 174 years of meteorological measurements, surpassing the years 2016, with 1,29°C above average, and 2020, with 1,27°C above average.