Wheat and barley may have production above expectations in RS

The wheat cultivation area reached 1.458.026 hectares in the State. The crop is at the end of its cycle, with most crops maturing and ready for harvest. According to the Economic Information produced and released this Thursday (10/11) by Emater/RS-Ascar, the harvested index reached 37% of the cultivated area.

In addition to high productivity, the harvested product has high quality, with a high hectoliter weight (PH), compared to previous years' harvests. The estimated productivity is 3.210 kg/ha. However, there is a possibility of an increase in this production expectation as the harvest evolves.

In barley, the current estimated productivity is 3.237 kg/ha. A positive change in this estimate cannot be ruled out, given the harvest results still being obtained. The cultivation area is 37.500 hectares. Culture is approaching the end of the cycle. The crops at the end of grain filling are only 25%; in maturity, 45%; and 30% were harvested.

According to the classification service provided by Emater/RS-Ascar, for the largest brewing company in the country, productivity among integrated producers, located in Planalto and Alto Uruguay, approaches 4.200 kg/ha. The quality of the harvest is considered excellent, presenting around 95% of first quality (sieve 2,5mmx22mm + 2,8mmx22mm), as well as the germination percentage, which is above 95%. Another positive factor is the low presence of mycotoxins (Deoxynivalenol), which is below the limits permitted by legislation that regulates beer production.

winter crops

Canola

The cultivation area is 53.415 hectares. The current productivity estimate is 1.638 kg/ha. It is estimated that 70% of the crops have been harvested, and the remainder are mature or in the final process of maturation.

White oat grains

The cultivation area is 350.641 hectares. The predicted productivity is 2.478 kg/ha. There was significant progress in the harvest. Harvested crops total 58%; in maturity, 38%; and finishing grain filling, 4%.

Summer crops

Soybean

The projected area for the 2022/2023 harvest is 6.568.607 hectares. The estimated productivity is 3.131 kg/ha and production is 20.563.989 tons. The sowing of the crop reached 17% in the State. Established crops show good emergence, but the hypocotyl is shorter, probably as a result of low temperatures. The hypocotyl is responsible for raising the cotyledons above the soil surface, and with them shorter, the cotyledons and unifoliate leaves remain very close to the ground, giving the impression of low crop development.

Corn

The culture continues to be implemented. The evolution of the operation was slow, reaching just 2% in the period, due to scaling and producers' attention to other crops. Development is adequate, despite some effects of lower temperatures, such as the reduction in plant size and damage, to some crops, caused by the frosts that occurred on 02/11. The predominant phase is vegetative development, but 11% of crops have started the reproductive process, which requires a greater supply of water to maintain productive potential. The estimated cultivation area for the 2022/2023 harvest is 831.786 hectares. The expected productivity is 7.337 kg/ha.

Corn silage

The sown area represents 50% of the projected area and, of this total, 92% is in vegetative development and 8% in flowering. Due to the sequence of colder days, crops are smaller, but with an excellent population of plants per hectare, which can compensate in the volume harvested to maintain productivity.

The estimated area of ​​corn destined for silage for the 2022/2023 harvest in Rio Grande do Sul is 365.467 hectares. Estimated productivity remains at 37.857 kg/ha.

Rice

The estimated rice area by the Instituto Riograndense do Arroz (Irga) is 862.498 hectares. The projected productivity is 8.226 kg/ha. The culture is estimated to be 83% implemented. In the extreme South and West of the State, sowing work is already close to completion, while in the Center and East regions the establishment is to a lesser extent.

Crops are in the early stages of development and temperatures below ideal may negatively interfere with their development.

Beans 1st harvest

The projected area for 1st harvest beans is 30.561 hectares. Estimated productivity remains at 1.701 kg/ha.

Vegetable crops

Lettuce

In São José do Hortêncio, in the Lajeado region, the occurrence of consecutive days of intense humidity in October caused losses of up to 30% for some producers. There was a significant reduction in the prices of curly and American varieties. The average price for lettuce, at Ceasa in Porto Alegre, for the curly and smooth varieties is R$ 8,00/dz. and the American one, R$ 10,00/dz.

In Porto Alegre, the supply of hardwoods – brassicas and lettuce – is still on the rise; mild temperatures favored production. The price of lettuce has reduced, the value is R$ 8,00/dz.

Onion

In the Pelotas region, the harvest of early onions, in São José do Norte, reached 10% of the area and in Rio Grande 1%. The product is intended for the market and does not undergo the normal field curing procedure. Productivities are within expectations, considering the precocity of the cultivars, but reaching ceilings of 25 thousand to 30 thousand kg/ha. The amounts paid to the producer are between R$2,80 and R$3,50/kg, with some negotiations reaching R$4,00/kg. The culture is predominantly bulbing. Weekly applications of fungicides continued to prevent diseases and pest monitoring.

In Soledade, the onion harvest begins. Monitor pests and diseases; downy mildew is the main disease in this crop in the region. Late crops continue in the bulb formation phase.