US corn farmers warn of looming farm crisis

Most U.S. corn farmers believe the agricultural economy is already facing a crisis or is on the verge of collapse, according to a survey by the National Corn Growers Association (NCGA).

The survey, conducted with 1.034 farmers between August 28 and September 10, showed that 80% see a risk of crisis in the sector. Almost half (46%) stated they believe the country is on the brink of agricultural collapse. Another 65% said their farms' financial situation has worsened compared to last year.

The results were presented at a roundtable in Washington, organized by the NCGA, with the participation of economists and lawmakers. The organization's president, Kenneth Hartman Jr., emphasized the urgency of the issue. "This is a four-alarm fire in the field. We need Congress to act quickly to remove market barriers," he stated.

Project to improve the situation

The NCGA advocated for the passage of the Nationwide Consumer and Fuel Retailer Choice Act of 2025, which would allow the sale of fuels containing 15% ethanol (E15) year-round. Currently, the Clean Air Act restricts the sale of this blend in the summer. According to the association, the measure would free up space for some surplus corn and boost farm income.

A study by the entity indicates that permanent access to E15 could generate an additional US$25,8 billion to the US Gross Domestic Product, in addition to 128 full-time jobs.

The survey also pointed to signs of a decline in investment. Many farmers plan to postpone machinery purchases, reduce fertilizer use, and seek alternative sources of income off the farm. "The results indicate a generational problem in the agricultural economy," assessed NCGA's chief economist, Krista Swanson.

Fall in profitability

The drop in profitability follows the largest three-year decline in net receipts for the sector. Lower prices and higher costs are putting pressure on margins, even with the Department of Agriculture forecasting a record harvest. Supply exceeds demand, and any decline in consumption could further depress corn prices.

Limited access to credit is also a concern. "Interest rates are higher, and the curve is steeper. Lenders have less flexibility in offering terms, and helping indebted producers doesn't reduce the cost structure," explained John Newton, economist and director of Terrain Ag.

This week, producers are visiting Capitol Hill to pressure lawmakers to pass legislation authorizing the permanent sale of E15.