Soy gains 2% in area and remains the main grain grown in São Paulo

Data relating to the second forecast and harvest estimate are now available. The information was collected by the Integral Technical Assistance Coordination (Cati), between April 10 and May 18, 2023, and systematized by the Institute of Agricultural Economics (IEA-Apta), both linked to the Secretariat of Agriculture and Supply of São Paulo. Paulo and are important for monitoring the evolution of the State's main agricultural crops and supporting decision-making by rural producers, public policy makers and other links in the production chain.

The aggregate results indicate a reduction of 2,8% in planted area and 0,4% in production, while land productivity increased by 2,2%. The group of annual crops presents an expansion of 0,7% in the planted area, growth of 4,1% in production and 3,4% in productivity, due to the good performance of the grains group. In the case of perennial and semi-evergreen crops, there was a decline in both the cultivated area (-4,1%) and production (-2,1%). Productivity in this group of crops increased by 1,8%, explain the researchers.

Main highlights:

Soy – the area in production should be 2,2% higher than the previous one, reaching 1.292 thousand hectares. Estimated production is 4,8 million tons. Relating the area in production and the expected production, an average productivity of 3.727 kg/ha is obtained, a result 4,3% higher than that obtained in the 2021/22 cycle. The main soy producing regions are Itapeva (18,9%), Assis (11,5%) and Ourinhos (10,2%), which together account for 40,6% of the total.

Data relating to the Safrinha corn show a reduction of 2,9% (471,8 thousand hectares). Regarding productivity, the results show an increase of 18,6%, compared to 2021/22, verified at 5.349 kg/ha; As a result, the production volume should be increased by 15,2% and estimated at 2,5 million tons. The regions with the highest production of off-season corn in the state are Assis (28,0%), Itapeva (19,1%) and Ourinhos (17,9%), which account for 65,0% of the total. Regarding Maize 1st Harvest, the expected production area is 300,9 thousand hectares, a reduction of 9,7% compared to the previous harvest. Productivity is 6.818,0 kg/ha, a result 1% lower than in 2021/22 and, therefore, the expected production is 10,7% lower than that obtained in the last cycle. The main producing regions are Itapeva (14,1%), São João da Boa Vista (12,0%) and Itapetininga (11,5%), totaling a production of 37,6%.

Coffee - a harvest of 4,9 million 60 kg bags (293,6 thousand tons) is estimated, a volume 10,5% higher than that obtained in the previous harvest. The drop in production area (-4%) is offset by the strong increase in productivity (+15%). The main coffee producing regions in the state are Franca (41,4%) and São João da Boa Vista (23,4%), which together represent 64,8% of the production estimate.

Peanut - the planting area should reach 179,9 thousand hectares, 3,1% higher than the previous harvest, with an average productivity of 3.935 kg/ha and production of 708 thousand tons (6,5% higher than that obtained in 2021/22) . The regions of Tupã (14,4%), Marília (12,9%), Presidente Prudente (10,4%) and Jaboticabal (10%) are responsible for 47,8% of the total produced in the State.

For Dry Beans, the second survey presents a cultivated area of ​​16 thousand hectares and production estimated at 41,8 thousand tons (695,9 thousand 60 kg bags). In comparison with data collected in the previous harvest, there was an adjustment of 26,4% in planting and an increase of 33,9% in the volume to be harvested, providing gains of 5,9% in productivity, equivalent to 43,5 sc. 60 kg/ha (2.611 kg/ha), around two bags more compared to the 2021/22 harvest. The most important regions in the production of this harvest are Itapeva (24,1%), Avaré (22,5%), São João da Boa Vista (19,3%) and Mogi-Mirim (10,1%).

The April 2023 survey for the Industrial Cassava points to an area of ​​64,7 thousand hectares, 2,1% smaller than last harvest, and production of 1.258,7 thousand tons, 2,4% higher than last harvest. Productivity grew 6,4%, reaching 27.163 kg/ha. The main producing regions are Assis (17,4%), Tupã (16,3%) and Ourinhos (15,3%), which together account for 49,0% of São Paulo's production. Less promising are the data from Cassava for the Table which presents a reduction in cultivated area (-2,1%), totaling 21,6 thousand hectares. Production also fell by 3%, reaching 295 thousand tons, with productivity of 17.261 kg/ha, 0,9% lower compared to the previous harvest. The main producing regions are Mogi-Mirim (27,6%), Jaboticabal (7,5%) and Presidente Venceslau (5,5%), which together account for 40,6% of state production.

The next survey of crops in the State of São Paulo, to be carried out in June, closes the 2022/23 harvest year, with more accurate information on the area, production and productivity of perennial crops. Also in the June survey, information on planting, production forecast and area will be made available for annual crops.