Nanotechnology could revolutionize pesticide use in agriculture

Pesticide application, essential to ensuring global agricultural productivity, is about to be revolutionized by nanopesticides. Developed by a team led by Mustafa Akbulut of Texas A&M University, the technology promises greater efficiency and environmental sustainability.

Why nanopesticides?

Currently, it is estimated that 80 to 90% of pesticides applied do not reach their targets, resulting in economic waste. Research suggests that nanotechnology can change this scenario.

Using nanoparticles, pesticides encapsulate active compounds in microscopic carriers, optimizing their adhesion to plant surfaces and minimizing environmental impact.

“We are adjusting the surface chemistry of the carriers so that they better bond with the characteristics of the sheets, increasing product efficacy and reducing waste,” explains Akbulut.

Sustainable innovation

The study tested different nanopesticide carriers on pepper leaves, a representative model for several crops. The results indicated that surface chemistry plays a crucial role in pesticide adhesion.

Transporters based on ethyl lauroyl arginate (ELA), a cationic compound, showed greater affinity due to their electrostatic interactions with the leaves.

Additionally, the research used neem seed extract, an organic pesticide known for its low toxicity. The combination with nanoparticles enhances the action of the extract, improving its delivery and retention on the surface of plants.

Yashwanth Arcot, co-author of the study, highlights: "Our approach not only improves the efficacy of pesticides, but also addresses critical ecological concerns by reducing soil and water contamination."

More information can be found at doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2024.105190