The climate of the period was not very favorable for the development of winter crops in Rio Grande do Sul in terms of light. However, the rains contributed to maintaining soil moisture. The drop in temperatures has benefited the tillering of early-stage wheat crops, but concerns producers in flowering areas. According to the Economic Information, released today by Emater/RS, in general, the health of wheat crops is satisfactory. There are some occurrences of diseases and the need to apply fungicides for preventive control and monitoring of pests and diseases continues.
The wheat cultivated area, according to data from Emater/RS, is 1.312.488 hectares, and the expected productivity is 3.100 kg/ha. The development of the crop has advanced, and 8% of the area is flowering in the State, but still in a lower percentage compared to previous harvests.
In the administrative region of Emater/RS de Santa Rosa, the area planted with wheat in this harvest reached 290.705 hectares. The first crops sown in May are beginning to flower, which corresponds to around 4% of the area. The remaining crops are in vegetative development, in the tillering or elongation phase, with the appearance of the flag leaf. Producers are concerned about frost in crops in the heading phase, as damage to grain formation may occur during the flowering phase. However, damage assessment is only possible when these crops enter the maturation process. The visual appearance of the crops is considered good, as is the productivity perspective.
White oats - in general, the phytosanitary status of white oat crops is satisfactory. However, recent environmental conditions not only allowed the recovery of crops, but also favored the occurrence of rust in some regions, particularly in crops with low investment in preventive control. Emater/RS estimates an area cultivated for grain production of 365.590 hectares, and productivity is projected at 2.402 kg/ha.
Canola - the frosts that occurred in the last days of the period were not very intense and, therefore, should not affect the productive potential of canola crops in the reproductive stages. The regions of Caxias do Sul, Erechim and Soledade have crops in the early stages. In later crops, top dressing is applied. Emater/RS projects 134.975 hectares under cultivation, and the initial productivity is 1.679 kg/ha.
Barley - in general, crops show satisfactory development. The cultivation projection is 34.429 hectares, and productivity is 3.245 kg/ha. Cultivation occurs mainly in the Emater/RS regions of Erechim, Caxias do Sul, Passo Fundo, Ijuí, Frederico Westphalen and Soledade. In the Erechim region, the first implemented areas are beginning the heading phase, which corresponds to approximately 7% of crops. Due to the occurrence of rain and the return of moisture conditions to the soil, producers applied nitrogen fertilizer to the sown areas at the end of the planting period. Monitoring of pests and diseases continues.
Strawberry - in the administrative region of Emater/RS de Lajeado, in Bom Princípio, the crop is at the beginning of its harvest, with exuberant flowering and good production for the market, including a reduction in price compared to the month of July. It is estimated that the planted area will decrease due to losses due to excessive rain in May. This survey will be announced at the opening of the strawberry harvest, an event scheduled for the end of August. There is no record of pest occurrence during the period, but disease management takes place. Regarding price, the first blooms usually produce larger strawberries, which are sold for R$30,00/kg. Smaller strawberries are sold at R$20,00/kg.
Olive - in the administrative region of Emater/RS de Bagé, in Campanha, the plants are vigorous and in good health, maintaining optimistic forecasts regarding the productive potential of the next harvest. The pruning has been completed. Producers are in the initial phase of fertilization work, aiming to nourish plants for the upcoming flowering phase. The number of cold hours was sufficient for the crop, and there was no major frost damage. The earliest cultivars, such as Arbequina and Koroneiki, begin to produce floral racemes.
In the administrative region of Emater/RS de Bagé, in Dom Pedrito, the supply of artificial protein feed to the bee population began, aiming to take advantage of the spring flowers from September onwards. Hive monitoring has been intensified due to the increase in population and greater demand for food, especially considering that the cold days yet to come will intensify the consumption of reserves. In Erechim, due to the beginning of flowering of citrus species and other native species, there was an increase in the supply of nectar and pollen. In Frederico Westphalen's, many beekeepers continue to provide artificial food and maintain the hives, but the lack of preparation for adverse weather conditions has resulted in losses in production and swarms.
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