Coffee is the Brazilian agricultural product with the highest number of Geographical Indications (GI) registrations at the National Institute of Industrial Property - INPI. Of the total of 12 records, eight are of Indication of Origin (IP) and four of Denomination of Origin (DO). Agricultural products make up the majority of Brazilian Geographical Indications. There are 59 records, of the 80 existing to date. Of the four GI registrations issued by INPI in 2021, three are for coffees, namely: Caparaó (ES and MG) and Montanhas do Espírito Santo (ES) of Denomination of Origin; and Espírito Santo (ES) of Indication of Origin.
The two types of Geographical Indication (GI), DO and IP, provided for in the Industrial Property Law (Law No. 9.279 / 96), are related to the protection of the geographical name linked to the product, which, in the case of Brazil, can be agricultural or not. The term "geographical indication" became established when producers, traders and consumers began to identify that some products from certain places had particular qualities, attributable to their geographical origin, and began to name them with the geographical name that indicated their origin.
IP is linked to the term “savoir-faire”, that is, knowing how to do it. It would be something like know-how, widely used in the business world to define skill or knowledge in an area of activity. And the DO requires scientific proof that the geographic conditions of the location, such as soil, climate and topography, guarantee specific qualities to a given product or service.
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The country accounts for 50% of the soybean market and, in 2020, reached the position of second corn exporter. It has also established itself as the largest producer of sugar and coffee
