With the sequence of days without the occurrence of rain – between 29/06 and 02/07 – and the resulting decrease in moisture content in the soil, it was possible to resume wheat sowing and intensify the operation where there had been delays. According to the Conjunctural Information produced and released this Thursday (07/07) by Emater/RS-Ascar, the estimate for wheat cultivation in the State for the 2022 harvest is 1.413.763 hectares. The estimated productivity is 2.822 kg/ha.
The proportion of crops implemented rose to 80% during the period. This rate is higher in the Northwest region of the State, where some municipalities are close to completion, and lower in part of the Serra, where it is at the beginning.
The greater incidence of solar radiation also translated into better conditions for previously established crops that had a more yellowish appearance. Faster growth was observed, and the plants took on a more vigorous size.
With the previous conditions of high humidity, there was an increase in the incidence of invasive plants, especially ryegrass, requiring early control. With firm weather, spraying with herbicides and other cultural treatments were carried out, such as nitrogen fertilization under cover.
In the administrative region of Emater/RS-Ascar de Bagé, rainfall volumes of up to 50 mm, recorded during the Campaign, resulted in delays in sowing, and established crops suffered stress due to excess moisture in the soil. Some producers in Aceguá gave up planting the cereal this season, as the time is already considered unsuitable for sowing cultivars with a longer cycle. So far, it has only been possible to implement 6% of the area designed for the municipality, and the forecast for continued rain may postpone sowing until the second half of July. At the other end of the region, in the Western Border region, drier weather benefited the implementation. In Itacurubi and Maçambará, sowing approached 80% of the projected area, and the reduction in soil moisture levels also favored crops in the vegetative development phase. In Manoel Viana, producers took advantage of the days without rain to complete the pre-sowing desiccation work and move forward with planting, which was still behind schedule. In São Borja, planting has advanced to 75% of the planned area, leaving only crops located in humid lowlands, where more sunny days are still needed for machinery access.
In Caxias do Sul, in Campos de Cima da Serra, with the cessation of rain, it was possible to start wheat sowing, which should continue until the end of July. In the lower altitude municipalities of the Serra, sowing has resumed and should be completed in the next few days. The first crops implemented show good initial establishment, although in some lowlands they present failures due to excess moisture that occurred shortly after sowing.
In the Ijuí region, there was great progress in sowing, which reached 90% of the projected area. The planting of wheat with early and medium cycles was completed within the ideal period for these cultivars. Crops sown until June 25th show excellent emergence and represent approximately 75% of the crops planted.
In Santa Rosa, planting was resumed, increasing the proportion of crops planted from 73% to 91% during the period. The preparation of the remaining areas for cultivation was completed with the total desiccation of plants, and sowing must be completed by July 10th, the deadline for the period recommended by the Agroclimatic Zoning for the region. The planted crops are in germination and vegetative development, presenting an adequate population of plants and good health.
In Pelotas, despite the high humidity, wheat sowing continued, reaching 40% of the estimated area of 17 thousand hectares for the region. In the regions of Passo Fundo and Santa Maria, the rate of established crops is 60%. In Erechim, Frederico Westphalen and Soledade, the proportion is higher, with 90% of the crops planted. In all regions, the greater number of hours with sunshine favored establishment and improved vegetative development, which was being affected by low light in the previous period.
The estimate for canola cultivation in the State for the 2022 harvest is 48.457 hectares. The estimated productivity is 1.885 kg/ha.
The estimate for white oat cultivation in the State for the 2022 harvest is 392.507 hectares. The estimated productivity is 2.217 kg/ha.
The estimated barley cultivation in the State for the 2022 harvest is 36.727 hectares. The estimated productivity is 2.958 kg/ha.
In the Emater/RS-Ascar region of Caxias do Sul, the favorable climatic conditions, with little rain, several days with solar radiation and, consequently, a reduction in soil humidity, enabled a strong advance in the implementation of crops, an activity that had been extremely impacted in its evolution by soil and climate adversities. The conditions for carrying out field activities have improved. However, although they are still not the most ideal, they allowed the creation of beds, planting and initial control of competing plants in the crop. Producers who had not yet done so accelerated the process of preparing the bulbils for planting. As a result, planting, if it has not yet been intensified, should be, as the preferential period is running out, especially in the Colonial region. Crops already established in the field were favored by greater sunshine and reduced humidity and, in general, do not present phytosanitary problems to date.
In the Passo Fundo region, the dry climate conditions and lower soil humidity brought together conditions to trigger the start of crop planting, which should continue over the next few weeks; planting is all manual.
In the Pelotas region, the seedlings are in full vegetative development. The plant stand is good. In beds with transplanted seedlings and those undergoing vegetative development, weekly phytosanitary treatments are already necessary for the preventive management of diseases due to the high relative humidity of the air and the excessive presence of dew. In São José do Norte and Tavares, credit projects to finance the activity continue to be sent to financial agents and the acquisition of inputs.
In Passo Fundo, the sown beds are in the vegetative phase, however, they present phytosanitary problems resulting from the occurrence of fungi, caused by excess humidity and rain in June. Sowing began in areas cultivated in the direct planting system in the soil. The marketing operations carried out in the region involve onions coming from São Paulo; the price is R$2,20/kg.
In the Porto Alegre region, the general crop conditions in the microregion of the Mostardas peninsula are for good development of seedlings in the sowing areas, favored by the cold. To date, there are no diseases or pests present. Care must be taken with high soil humidity and fog.
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