How fertilizer can help reduce nematodes in soybeans

The use of Tractus Smart at doses of 30kg/ha and 60kg/ha showed excellent efficiency in managing nematode species Meloidogyne javanica e Pratylenchus brachyurus per gram of soybean root. Nematodes are among the main phytosanitary problems in soybean crops and, in Brazil, the most harmful phytonematodes to the crop are gall-forming ones (Meloidogyne spp.) and root lesions (Pratylenchus brachyurus). There are a series of recommended methods for managing nematodes in soybeans, including crop rotation, use of resistant genotypes, chemical and biological control, isolated or associated. However, some products have demonstrated potential for managing these parasites. In this context, Spraytec developed Tractus Smart, which is economically viable and ecologically correct, due to its complete formulation and disruptive technology, combining nutrition and correction in the right measure.

 Tractus Smart is a multi-element fertilizer to be applied as a complement and associated with base fertilizer, in the furrow or broadcast. A single granule contains balanced amounts of macro and micronutrients, humic acids, silicon and amino acids with high solubility and readily available to plants, without salinizing the soil, enabling greater root growth and initial crop establishment. Another innovation is that, in response to the application of Tractus Smart, defense mechanisms are activated, inducing the plant to synthesize secondary metabolites, which act as physical and chemical barriers, hindering the entry and development of pathogens, such as nematodes. The use of cultivars with high genetic potential associated with sustainable development requires cutting-edge products, such as Tractus Smart, which meets the needs of the field, as it goes beyond simple plant nutrition, guaranteeing crop health and productivity.

Goal

Evaluate the effect of doses of Tractus Smart on the management of Meloidogyne javanica e Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean cultivation.

Materials and methods

The experiment was conducted under the supervision of researcher Cláudia Regina Dias Arieira, in a greenhouse, at the State University of Maringá, Umuarama Regional Campus, in a completely randomized design, with six replications. The treatments studied were Tractus Smart at doses of 0, 30 and 60 kg per hectare, with zero dose being the control. Polystyrene containers containing 500ml of a mixture of soil and sand (1:1), previously autoclaved (120ºC/2h), were used. In each experimental unit, a hole was made in which the respective treatments, the nematode inoculum and then a soybean seed, cultivar M6210 IPRO, were deposited. The inoculum consisted of a 2ml suspension containing 500 specimens of P. brachyurus, or two thousand eggs M. javanica. The inocula were obtained from pure populations of nematodes, maintained in soybeans, in a greenhouse, for a period of two months, being extracted from the roots using the extraction process proposed by Coolen and D'Herde (1972) and Boneti and Ferraz (1982). ), respectively. 60 and 70 days after installation of the test for M. javanica e P. brachyurus, respectively, the plants were carefully collected, separating the aerial part and root. In the aerial part, height, fresh and dry mass were evaluated. The roots were carefully washed and subjected to the aforementioned nematode extraction process. The samples obtained were evaluated under a light microscope, using a Peters chamber for the total number of nematodes. This was divided by the root mass, determining the number of nematodes per gram of root. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance at 5% probability and, in case of significance, the treatment means were compared using linear or quadratic regression analysis. The best dose of Tractus Smart was compared with the control (zero dose) using the Bonferroni T test, at 5%.

Results

To Meloidogyne javanica/g of soybean root, the best dose for reducing the nematode was observed when applying 30kg of the product per hectare, which promoted a reduction of 76%. With an application of 60kg, the reduction was 64% (Figure 1). Now for Pratylenchus brachyurus, Tractus Smart at a dose of 30kg/ha promoted a 77% reduction in the number of nematodes per gram of root compared to the control. With an application of 60kg, the reduction was 2,8% (Figure 2).

Conclusion

The two evaluated doses of Tractus Smart promoted a reduction in the number of Meloidogyne javanica quality Pratylenchus brachyurus per gram of soybean root.

Spraytec Research and Development Department